The smaller 15nm particles, which are thought to experience mainly diffusion forces, displayed similar uptake profiles in both setups, whereas the larger 118nm nanoparticles that were subjected ...
Quantification of Cell Penetrating Peptide Uptake By Fluorescent Techniques A thesis submitted to the University of Manchester for the degree of PhD in the Faculty of ...
electrochemical gradient. the diffusion gradient of an ion, representing a type of potential energy that accounts for both the concentration difference of the ion across a membrane and its tendency to move relative to the membrane potential.
Insulin is a key player in the control of intermediary metabolism, and the big picture is that it organizes the use of fuels for either storage or oxidation. Through these activities, insulin has profound effects on both carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and significant influences on protein and mineral metabolism.
Cellpenetrating peptides (CPPs) are short peptides that facilitate cellular intake/uptake of various molecular equipment (from nanosize particles to small chemical molecules and large fragments of DNA). The "cargo" is associated with the peptides either through chemical linkage via covalent bonds or through noncovalent interactions.
Thyroid Hormone Transport. This "free hormone" or "diffusion hypothesis" was formulated in 1960 and assumes the concentration of free hormones (free T4 and free T3) in the serum determines the rate and extent of uptake into the cell and thus intracellular thyroid hormone concentration.
Central to understanding many of the issues in cellular LCFA uptake and intracellular trafficking are the physical properties of LCFA in aqueous solution (rev. in ref. 12). Briefly, at physiological pH in aqueous solution, LCFA exist in two forms: % anions, % protonated.
Cellular uptake disguises action of Lglutamate on NmethylDaspartate receptors. With an appendix: Diffusion of transported amino acids into brain slices
ALTHOUGH CELLULAR UPTAKE AND cytoplasmic diffusion of hydrophilic molecules have been extensively studied, relatively little is known regarding cellular uptake and diffusion of molecules such as fatty acids. Studies of cellular fatty acid uptake not performed on single cells do not resolve fatty acid binding to the cell from
The diffusivity exponent α can be used as a metric of transport properties, distinguishing between Brownian diffusion (α = 1), restricted diffusion (α < 1), and active transport (α > 1) processes. ... Cellular uptake and dynamics of unlabeled freestanding silicon nanowires. By John F. Zimmerman, Ramya Parameswaran, Graeme Murray, Yucai Wang
Cell cycle dependent cellular uptake of zinc oxide nanoparticles in human epidermal cells Pal Patel. 1 Institute of Life Sciences, School of Science and Technology, ... The effect of sedimentation and diffusion on cellular uptake of gold nanoparticles. Nat. Nanotechnol ., .
Simple diffusion does not require energy: facilitated diffusion requires a source of ATP. B. Simple diffusion can only move material in the direction of a concentration gradient; facilitated diffusion moves materials with and against a concentration gradient. C.
Tonicity in living systems. In the case of a plant cell, however, a hypotonic extracellular solution is actually ideal. The plasma membrane can only expand to the limit of the rigid cell wall, so the cell won't burst, or lyse. In fact, the cytoplasm in plants is generally a bit hypertonic to the cellular environment,...
As a consequence, NP cellular uptake, modeled with equations describing the stoichiometric exchange between NPs and cell membrane, is significantly slowed down in 3D and in the case of 100 nm NPs, in part due to the hampered diffusion of NPs in collagen gel compared to .
Because the rT3 and T4 transporters are equally energy dependent, a high serum rT3 is shown to be a marker for reduced uptake of T4 into the, 41, 44, 61, 65, 66. Thus, rT3 is an excellent marker for identifying reduced cellular T4 and T3 levels that would not .